Digital transformation is gaining momentum in all sectors of the economy. The construction industry is no exception. At the beginning of the year, the Ministry of Construction of Russia announced that the planned indicators for the digital transformation of the construction industry in 2022 had been fully achieved. The digitalization of the construction industry implies the creation of a single information space at all stages of design, construction, and operation of facilities to reduce the cost of the finished product and shorten its production time.
The practical formation of the digital vertical began with the implementation of a pilot project in Moscow and the regions in September-December 2022. The purpose of the "pilot" was to create conditions for the interaction of all participants in the implementation of construction projects in a single digital environment using common data exchange formats (documents in machine-readable form) through the integration of information systems used. The methodology was developed by the Competence Center of the Moscow Construction Department (CC DS), successfully piloted at construction sites in the capital, and will be further scaled up throughout the country.
“Moscow is a major customer, which is building a large number and at a high pace of facilities in various industries. Digital transformation is not a whim for us, but a necessity. We have been working in this direction for more than a year,” says Rafik Zagrutdinov, head of the capital’s construction department.
So, since March 2023, the practical implementation of the project management information system ISUP OKS together with FAA RosKapStroy has begun, about 25 more regions of Russia are planning to join the project, and the total number of participants is already more than 40 subjects of the federation.
TIM for "smart" construction
Today, every fourth object of the Moscow Construction Department is designed using the so-called TIM technologies. We are talking about 150+ objects (25% of the total number of objects being designed in the capital), according to the capital construction complex. TIM technologies are used in the construction of overpasses, overpasses, tunnels, and off-street pedestrian crossings. Also, with the use of TIM technologies, social facilities, and residential buildings are being implemented. For example, a fire station building for four parking spaces in the Bogorodskoye district, a sports complex on Ostafyevskaya street, a school for 1150 places in the Lefortovo district, and a residential building on Chasovaya street, the head of the metropolitan destroy lists.
What is TIM technology?
BIM - Building Information Modeling or Building Information Model - is a digital representation of the physical and functional characteristics of an object that covers more than just the geometry of a building. TIM takes into account many factors and information about the object, its individual elements (even parts of manufacturers), geography, design, and other data, including its impact on the environment and vice versa.
The main task of TIM is to synchronize all edits in the model. So, changing one parameter leads to an automatic recalculation of all the others. TIM helps to quickly find optimal design solutions and prevent engineering errors. One of the main advantages of TIM is the accuracy and speed of design. Three-dimensional models are created at a scale of 1:500 instead of the usual 1:2000 paper drawings, which allows for a very high degree of project detail.
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“Many construction companies that operate in Moscow have fully implemented the cycle of work with TIM models both at the design stage and at the construction stage. Now four people have issued design estimates for the construction of a residential area in two weeks. If this is done traditionally, it will take half a year, and 20 people will work, ” explains Oleg Grigoriev, First Deputy Director for Production Issues at the Institute of the General Plan of Moscow.
Over the past few years, with the help of TIM technologies, Moscow has reconstructed the building and the area around the Polytechnic Museum, rebuilt the cinema "Tajikistan", built the Irina Viner-Usmanova Gymnastics Palace, the new temple of the Sretensky Monastery and other objects. In addition, TIM technologies are actively used by developers who work under the renovation program, not only designing new residential complexes with their help but also modeling the demolition of dilapidated five-story buildings and future redevelopment of the territory.
Digital twins for facility management
Digital twins are exact copies of objects, engineering networks, and communications and help to manage complex technological units, devices, and structures in real time. Everything has been transferred to the "figure": processes, people, systems, and devices, up to ventilation hatches, says the head of the Moscow construction department.
With the help of the digital twin, it is possible to operate buildings more efficiently: track the state of the object, predict the effect of changes, and also receive data on the state of the object without decommissioning it. The digital model allows you to extend the life cycle of the object, and optimally spend resources on its maintenance and maintenance.
One of the examples where digital technologies are applied at all stages of the life cycle is the facilities of the International Medical Cluster in Skolkovo. Thus, the TIM technologies used in design and construction made it possible to complete the construction “almost twice as fast and half a billion rubles cheaper than planned,” Zagrutdinov notes: “After we went further and decided to extend the life cycle of the facility - we integrated data from the system construction management with a cloud-based "smart" operation system.
As a result, upon completion of the construction of all cluster facilities, 40 engineers will manage regular and emergency situations, and not 100, as it would be without the use of digital technologies, says the head of the metropolitan destroy. "Smart" operation allowed to increase the productivity of the engineering staff by 20%, increase the service life of engineering equipment by more than 15%, and also reduce the cost of unscheduled maintenance by up to 50%, Zagrutdinov cited data. Today, according to him, "smart" operation also stands at several large sports and educational facilities.
Information on objects "in one click"
Another popular digital solution is tools that automate communication between all construction participants. We are talking about a single information system "Mosgorzakaz". It allows you to receive in digital form all relevant information on all construction sites of the building complex.
This direction has been developed by the city authorities since 2012. “At that time, all the information on construction projects was scattered, even to get a simple certificate you had to wait three days,” says the head of the Moscow destroy. — Now all business processes are transparent and available with one click. First, all the documentation was converted into electronic form, Mosgorzakaz was created, and all the necessary information, photos, protocols, acts, permits, projects, and work schedules were brought into the program.
Over the past year, all organizations subordinate to the Moscow Construction Department were connected to work in a single project management system. To date, the Mosgorzakaz system maintains more than 8,000 objects, controls 5.4 trillion rubles, and more than 300,000 documents maintained electronically.
For example, at present, the capital's construction department has about 770 objects in parallel at various stages of construction. It is enough to press the right buttons to get the report you are looking for, photos of any object, scans of contracts, a work schedule, and so on, says Zagrutdinov. After approbation in Moscow, it was decided to use the system throughout Russia.
The implementation of a construction site is from 60 to 180 business processes, and this, in turn, is 3,000 operations that have already been converted to digital, adds the head of the Moscow destroy: “In general, for subordinate organizations, we managed to reduce the approval time and signing documents six times, which is reflected in the overall duration of the projects. We expect that digital tools will reduce the overall construction time by 10% in the near term.”
Import substitution software
The capital's construction industry recognizes that the departure of major foreign software vendors from Russia has become a significant event for designers and builders, but it has also become an additional incentive for the development of the domestic IT solutions market. “Today, many Russian-made solutions are used in the construction industry, which automates individual processes and turns projects into digital in a comprehensive manner. We know how to design in TIM, create a digital model, apply it during the construction process, and also know how to turn it into a digital twin and use it further in the operation of facilities. Our information systems make it possible to extend the life cycle of an object for decades, and to spend resources more efficiently on its maintenance and upkeep, which is especially important when we talk about social infrastructure — hospitals,
It is important to note the global trend in the development of digitalization of construction, he continues: “Today, the construction industry is undergoing a transformation. We are no longer just talking about the import substitution of IT solutions, this has already happened in Russia. We are talking about the fact that the created high-quality and functional products and systems will make it possible to move from digital twins of objects to digital twins of cities, megacities, regions, and ultimately to the digital twin of the country.”
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